Burundi: Beyond Connections | Energy Access Diagnostic Report Based on the Multi-Tier Framework

This diagnostic report evaluates energy access in Burundi using the Multi-Tier Framework (MTF). Based on a 2021 survey of 4,104 households, 397 education facilities, and 190 health facilities, the study provides a critical baseline for the country’s 2030 Energy Compact targets. The findings reveal that while national grid electrification has expanded to 26 percent, severe urban-rural disparities remain, and overall performance is heavily constrained by poor reliability and underutilization. The clean cooking crisis is even more acute: over 99 percent of households still rely on traditional biomass, trapping 91 percent of the population in the lowest performance tier (Tier 0). To overcome these deficits, the report recommends integrated clean cooking strategies, high-quality off-grid solar deployment, and targeted financial mechanisms designed to improve affordability, health outcomes, and gender equality across both households and public institutions.

The Multi-Tier Framework for Energy Access | Insights and Impact from a Decade of Surveys synthesizes a decade of Multi-Tier Framework (MTF) survey implementation, drawing on 29 surveys conducted across 27 countries between 2016 and 2025. 

EXPLORE COUNTRY DIAGNOSTICS

READ THE SEMINAL REPORT: Beyond Borders: Energy Access Redefined | Executive Summary